JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES

Article

Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences

Year: 2025, Volume: 15, Issue: 1, Pages: 28-37

Original Article

Association of Intelectin Gene Polymorphism with Type 2 Diabetes Risk in the North Indian Population

Received Date:30 August 2024, Accepted Date:13 January 2025, Published Date:25 March 2025

Abstract

Background: Intelectin 1 is an anti-inflammatory adipocytokine involved in the regulation of insulin secretion. Genetic variations in the coding region of Intelectin can cause hyperglycemia due to impaired glucose levels, increasing the susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Objective: This study examines the genetic variations in the Intelectin 1 coding region, specifically rs2274907 and rs2274908. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was conducted with 300 participants: 150 individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (fasting glucose >125 mg/dL) and 150 healthy controls (fasting glucose <125 mg/dL). The frequencies of rs2274907 and rs2274908 polymorphisms were analyzed using the Tetra Amplification refractory Mutation system and allele-specific PCR, respectively. Results: The study identified a significant association between specific gene variations and increased risk of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. The TT genotype of rs2274907 showed a higher frequency in the diabetes group (15.33%) compared to the control group (3.33%), with a model of TT vs. AT+AA: X²=12.76, P=0.0004, OR=5.25, and 95% CI=1.93-14.21. Similarly, the AA genotype of rs2274908 was more frequent in the diabetes group (26.66%) compared to the control group (7.33%), with a model of AA vs. AG+GG: X²=18.52, P=0.0001, OR=4.59, and 95% CI=2.25-9.3. Conclusion: This is the first study of the North Indian population suggesting that specific Intelectin 1 gene variations (TT genotype of rs2274907 and AA genotype of rs2274908) are associated with an increased risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Variations in Intelectin 1 may impact protein function and stability, serving as potential biomarkers for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and targets for personalized medicine.

Keywords: ITLN1, Case-control, Genetic variation, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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Copyright

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Published By Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education, Kolar, Karnataka

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