Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences
DOI: 10.58739/jcbs/v16i1.25.244
Year: 2026, Volume: 16, Issue: 1, Pages: 29-33
Original Article
Ranjan Agrawal1*, Zaheer Ahmad2, Yumkhaibam Sadaki2, Shashwat Verma3
1Professor & Head Pathology, Rajshree Medical Research Institute, Rajshree Medical Research Institute, India.
2Postgraduate student, Pathology, Rajshree Medical Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
3Assistant Professor, Pathology, Rajshree Medical Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
*Corresponding Author
Email: [email protected]
Received Date:24 May 2025, Accepted Date:24 October 2025, Published Date:31 March 2026
Background: Ascites is a common clinical problem resulting from certain abdominal or systemic diseases. The effusion is likely to be exudative or transudative in nature. Biochemical parameters, serological markers and cytology are used in classifying ascites. Combination of the clinical and cytological findings along with the biochemical parameters help in assessing the cause of these effusions. Materials and Methods: Two hundred fluid samples from cases presenting with ascites along with their simultaneous serum were collected and analysed for different parameters. The ascitic fluid was further studied for biochemical parameters including protein, albumin, glucose, cholesterol, Alkaline Phosphate, bilirubin, amylase, cell counts total and differential, Gram’s stain and, Modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain for AFB based on which they were categorised into different groups. Serum samples were also assayed for protein, albumin, bilirubin, cholesterol and amylase levels. SAAG was used to assess the type of ascites. Results: Of these 200 samples, 145 (71.2%) were exudates and 55(28.8%) were transudates. There were 131 males and 69 females, with a M:F ratio of 1.90:1. Tuberculosis followed by peritonitis and malignancy were amongst the common etiologies seen in exudative effusions. Among transudates, alcoholic hepatitis followed by liver cirrhosis and anaemia with hypoproteinaemia were the commonest cause observed.
Keywords: Effusion, SAAG Biochemical, Exudate, Transudate
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Published By Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education, Kolar, Karnataka
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