Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences
DOI: 10.58739/jcbs/v16i2.25.326
Year: 2026, Volume: 16, Issue: 2, Pages: 41-46
Original Article
Swathy Shanker1*, Deepak Lavatt2, Swathi Raj3, Ramesh P K 4, Sathi P P 5
1Assistant Professor, Department of PG studies and Research, KMCT Medical College, Kerala, India.
2Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, KMCT Medical College, Kerala, India.
3Senior Resident, Department of Pathology, KMCT Medical College, Kerala, India.
4Professor, Department of Surgery, KMCT Medical College, Kerala, India.
5Professor, Department of Pathology, KMCT Medical College, Kerala, India.
*Corresponding Author
Email: [email protected]
Received Date:18 August 2025, Accepted Date:14 November 2025, Published Date:15 June 2026
Context: Gallstones are a recurrent hepatobiliary disease seen in around 10-15% of the population. Various classification systems have been proposed for the classification of gall stones, and the widely used system utilizes the morphology and chemical content of gall stones. Aims: In this study we aim to evaluate the incidence of gall stones and to describe the clinicopathological correlation of the disease in the study population. Settings and Design: This is a retrospective, descriptive study done using the medical records of patients presented with cholelithiasis over a period of 2 years. Methods and Material: A total of 155 patients were included in the study. The histopathological diagnoses of the cholecystectomy specimens were retrieved from the archived reports, and the data was evaluated with patient details. Statistical analysis used: Data was entered in Microsoft Excel and analysed for correlation between various variables using SPSS software version 22.0. Results: The ages of the patients varied from 15 years old to 85 years old, with the mean age of the study population being 47 years. A female predominance was seen, and pigment stones were found to be the most common type. Majority of the patients (58.7%) had no coexisting comorbidities while the most common comorbidity seen in patients with pigmented stones was that of diabetes (13.3%). Among the patients with cholesterol stones 15.4% of the patients showed presence of thyroid disorder and two out of the three patients with mixed type of gall stones showed coexisting diabetes. Conclusions: Gall stones were found more commonly among women with an increased incidence in women of the reproductive age group. The most common gall stone found in the study population was that of pigment stones followed by cholesterol stones. Patients with diabetes showed an increased incidence of pigmented and mixed stones while patients with thyroid disorder showed an increased incidence of cholesterol stones. Key Messages: An increased incidence of pigmented and mixed gall stones has been observed among patients with diabetes. A larger, population based study is warranted to evaluate the underlying mechanism.
Keywords: Cholelithiasis, Pigment stones, Cholesterol stones
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Published By Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education, Kolar, Karnataka
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